Section 14.1
Bonding in Organic Compounds
1. (Exercises 1 and 2) Determine which one of the following structural formulas is valid and
which one does not represent possible covalent bonding.
| (a) | | | | | (b) |
 | | | | |  |
All of the elements in the two structural formulas shown above are correct except the
fluorine, F, in (a), which can form only one bond and not two, as shown; therefore,
formula (a) is not valid. Formula (b) is valid as written and is actually the structural
formula for isopropyl alcohol.
Section 14.2Aromatic Hydrocarbons
2. (Exercises 3 and 4) Draw the structural formulas and give the names for all possible
tetramethylbenzenes.
 |  |  |
| 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene | 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene | 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene |
Section 14.3Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
3. (Exercises 7 and 8) Use each of the following names to classify each hydrocarbon as an alkane,
cycloalkane, alkene, alkyne, or aromatic.
| (a) 2-Butene | (b) Ethyne |
| (c) Methylbenzene | (d) 2-Methylpropane |
The hydrocarbons named above have the following classifications:
(a) 2-Butene is an alkene;
(b) Ethyne is an alkyne;
(c) Methylbenzene is an aromatic;
(d) 2-Methylpropane is an alkane.
Section 14.4Derivatives of Hydrocarbons
4. (Exercises 17 and 18) Identify each condensed structural formula as belonging to an alkyl
halide, alcohol, amine, carboxylic acid, ester, or amide.
| (a) CH3CH2CH2NH2
|
| (b) CH3CH2CH2OH
|
| (c) CH3CH2CH2F
|
| Answers: | (a) is an amine (note the –NH2) |
| | (b) is an alcohol (note the –OH) |
| | (c) is an alkyl halide (note the –F) |
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