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	The American Experiment: A History of the United States, Second Edition Steven M. Gillon, University of Oklahoma Cathy D. Matson, University of Delaware et al.



	Identifications Identify the following significant individuals, groups, places, events, movements, and developments discussed in each chapter. Be sure to address each of the following three elements in your responses: 1. Identify the item: Who? or What? 2. Establish the historical perspective or context: Where? and When? 3. Discuss the historical significance: Why so Important? Chapter 1: Out of Old Worlds, New Worlds Chapter 2: The First Experiments, 1540-1680 Chapter 3: Imperial Connections, 1660-174? Chapter 4: Colonial Maturation and Conflict, 1680-1754 Chapter 5: Forging the American Experiment, 1754-1775 Chapter 6: Winning Independence, 1775-1783 Chapter 7: The Federal Experiment, 1783-1800 Chapter 8: Striving for Nationhood, 1800-1824 Chapter 9: An Emerging Capitalist Nation, 1790-1820 Chapter 10: Transforming the Political Culture, 1820-1840 Chapter 11: Industry and Reform in the North, 1820-1850 Chapter 12: Living with Slavery, North and South, 1820-1850 Chapter 13: The Westward Experiment, 1820-1850 Chapter 14: The Sectional Challenge, 1848-1860 Chapter 15: Transforming the Experiment: The Civil War, 1861-1865 Chapter 16: Reconstruction and the New South, 1864-1900 Chapter 17: Conquering the West, 1862-1900 Chapter 18: The Industrial Experiment, 1865-1900 Chapter 19: The New Urban Nation, 1865-1910 Chapter 20: State and Society, 1877-1900 Chapter 21: The Progressive Era, 1889-1916 Chapter 22: The Experiment in American Empire, 1865-1917 Chapter 23: Making the World Safe for Democracy: America and World War I, 1914-1920 Chapter 24: The New Era, 1920-1928 Chapter 25: "Fear Itself": Crash, Depression, and the New Deal, 1929-1938 Chapter 26: War and Society, 1933-1945 Chapter 27: The Cold War, 1945-1952 Chapter 28: The Consumer Society, 1945-1960 Chapter 29: Consensus and Confrontation, 1960-1968 Chapter 30: The Politics of Polarization, 1969-1979 Chapter 31: The Reagan Experiment, 1979-1988 Chapter 32: America After the Cold War, 1988-2000 Chapter 33: Epilogue: The Challenges of the New Century Chapter 1: Out of Old Worlds, New Worlds Cherokee Western Hemisphere Beringia Paleo-Indians Adena Cahokia Hohokam Anasazi Pueblo Navajo Powhatan Algonquian Great League of Peace Mesoamerica Olmec Toltec Tenochtitlan Maya Aztec Huitzilopochtli Mohicans Tiwanaku Inca Pachakuti Cuzco Quipu Kingdom of Ghana Kingdom of Songhai Timbuktu Black Death Erik the Red Leif Erikson Marco Polo Enclosure Acts Sir Thomas More Ferdinand and Isabella Renaissance Astrolabe Sextant Galileo Galilei Niccolo Machiavelli Reformation Martin Luther John Calvin John Knox Edict of Nantes Anglican Church Puritans Chattel Prince Henry the Navigator Bartholomeu Dias Vasco da Gama Christopher Columbus Treaty of Tordesillas Amerigo Vespucci Martin Waldseemuller Conquistadores Vasco Nunez de Balboa Hernan Cortes Ala Malinche Quetzalcoatl Montezuma Francisco Pizarro Atahualpa Juan Ponce de Leon Alavar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca Hernando de Soto Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Columbian Exchange Midpassage Top Chapter 2: The First Experiments, 1540-1680 St. Augustine Encomienda System Potosi Mestizo Mulatto Creole Juan de Onate Jean Ribault Don Pedro Menendez de Aviles Giovanni da Verrazzano Jacques Cartier Samuel de Champlain Louis Jolliet Jacques Marquette Sieur de La Salle Burghers Dutch East India Company Henry Hudson Pierre Minuit Patronen Bouweries Willem Kieft Peter Stuyvesant John Cabot Sea Dogs Sir Francis Drake Sir Humphrey Gilbert Sir Walter Ralegh Richard Hakluyt Roanoke Virginia John White Powhatan John Smith Sir Thomas Gates James Town Baron De la Warr Pocahontas John Rolfe House of Burgesses Opechancanough Lord Baltimore Indentured servants Thomas Weston Mayflower Pilgrims Mayflower Compact Massasoit William Bradford Pilgrims Miles Standish John Winthrop City upon a Hill "Great Migration" Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson Antinomianism Mary Dyer Thomas Hooker Halfway Covenant King Philip Metacomet's War Nathaniel Bacon Bacon's Rebellion Top Chapter 3: Imperial Connections, 1660-174? John Locke "Rice belt" William Drummond James, Duke of York Col. Richard Nicolls Sir George Carteret Lord John Berkeley Edmund Andros William Penn Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon Society of Friends “Inner light” Frame of Government of 1681 Charter of Privileges Casa de Contratacion Acts of Trade and Navigation Staple Act Duty Act Wool Act Mercantilism Dominion of New England Glorious Revolution William and Mary Jacob Leisler John Coode and Josias Fendall “Power of the purse-strings” "Swilling the bumbo" or “passing the sack” Salem Witch Trials Samuel Parris Tituba William Phips Giles Cory King William's War Queen Anne's War Treaty of Utrecht Covenant Chain Sir Robert Walpole George Clinton Currency Act Molasses Act Robert Jenkins James Oglethorpe Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle Enlightenment Sir Isaac Newton Tabula Rasa John Winthrop, Jr. Deists Benjamin Franklin American Philosophical Society John Peter Zenger Cato Top Chapter 4: Colonial Maturation and Conflict, 1680-1754 New Immigrants Huguenots Law of Coverture Indentured Servants William Kidd "Better Sort" “Middlings” "Lower Sort" Boston Riots Coopers John Woolman "By-employments" Mid-Atlantic Region Chesapeake Region “Factors” Indigo James Oglethorpe and John Percival Middle Passage “Seasoned Slaves” "Task System" Gullah Mose Francisco Menendez Stono River Great Awakening Johnathan Edwards William Tennent Theodore Frelinghuysen George Whitefield Gilbert Tennent James Davenport "New Lights" “Old Lights” "Long Knives" “Regulators” Chief Hendrick Ethan Allen Marquis Duquesne Top Chapter 5: Forging the American Experiment, 1754-1775 George Washington Fort Necessity Great Meadows Benjamin Franklin Plan of Union “Unite or Die” Albany Congress Edward Braddock Fort Duquesne French and Indian War Lord Loudoun Marquis Louis-Joseph de Montcalm William Pitt Fort Pitt Treaty of Paris Ethan Allen Jeffery Amherst Neolin Pontiac Proclamation Line of 1763 Paxton Boys Treaty of Hard Labor Regulators William Tryon Battle of Alamance Richard Henderson Daniel Boone Transylvania Lord Bute Revenue Act George Grenville Sugar Act Molasses Act Currency Act Quartering Act Stamp Act Patrick Henry Loyal Nine Sons of Liberty Stamp Act Congress Lord Rockingham Declaratory Act Charles Townshend Townshend Duties Liberty John Hancock John Dickinson Samuel Adams "Circular Letter" Lord North Boston Massacre Golden Hill Riots Crispus Attucks John Adams and Josiah Quincy, Jr. James Bowdoin "Committee of Correspondence" Tea Act Boston Tea Party Coercive Acts Quebec Act First Continental Congress "Suffolk Resolves" Joseph Galloway Declaration of Rights Intercolonial Association Agreement Committees of Observation and Safety Edmund Burke Paul Revere and William Dawes Lexington Concord Minutemen Top Chapter 6: Winning Independence, 1775-1783 William Howe Battle of Bunker Hill Green Mountain Boys Fort Ticonderoga Second Continental Congress Thomas Jefferson George Washington John Adams John Dickinson Olive Branch Petition Richard Montgomery Benedict Arnold Thomas Paine Common Sense Declaration of Independence Cesar Rodney Hessians William Howe Committee of Public Safety Battle of Long Island Battles of Trenton and Princeton John Burgoyne Horatio Gates Battle of Saratoga Valley Forge Alexander Hamilton Baron von Steuben Marquis de Lafayette Johann Baron de Kalb Thaddeus Kosciuszko Casmir Count Pulaski Benjamin Franklin Comte de Vergennes Battle of Monmouth Court House Mary Ludwig Hays Lord Dunmore Benning Wentworth Thomas Hutchinson Daniel Leonard Joseph Brant Tories Ladies Association of Philadelphia Esther DeBerdt Sarah Franklin Bache Camp followers Nancy Hart “Continentals” Land Embargo Laws Fort Wilson riot John Honeyman Benjamin Church Henry Clinton John Andre “Jail fever” Spirit of the Laws Thoughts on Government The People the Best Governors Common Sense Articles of Confederation Robert Morris George Rogers Clark Lord Cornwallis Patrick Ferguson Horatio Gates Thomas Sumter Comte de Rochambeau Nathanael Greene Francis Marion Battle of Guilford Court House Battle of Yorktown Treaty of Paris Top Chapter 7: The Federal Experiment, 1783-1800 Mercy Otis Warren Newburgh petition George Washington Elizabeth Mumbet Freeman Anthony Benezet Absolom Jones Jupiter Hammon Phillis Wheatley Gabriel Prosser Empress of China:country-region> “Stay laws” Trevett v. Weeden Daniel Shays James Bowdoin Land Ordinance of 1785 Manassah Cutler and William Duer James Wilkinson John Jay Treat of Fort Stanwix Treaty of Fort McIntosh State of Franklin Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Federalists Alexander Hamilton Annapolis Convention Constitutional Convention Edmund Randolph "Virginia Plan" "New Jersey Plan" Henry Knox Connecticut Compromise Federalism Elastic Clause “Three-fifths Compromise” The Federalist James Madison Antifederalists Patrick Henry Judiciary Act of 1789 Bill of Rights Tariff Act of 1789 “Report of Manufactures” "Report on the Public Credit" Adam Smith Thomas Jefferson Indian Intercourse Act Little Turtler Anthony Wayne Battle of Fallen Timbers Treaty of Greenville Whiskey Rebellion Neutrality Act Jay’s Treaty Thomas Pinckney John Adams XYZ Affair Alien Act Naturalization Act Sedition Act Matthew Lyon Roger Griswold Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Aaron Burr Top Chapter 8: Striving for Nationhood, 1800-1824 Philadelphia “Revolution of 1800” Judiciary Act of 1801 "Midnight Appointments" Samuel Chase John Marshall Marbury v. Madison McCulloch v. Maryland Fletcher v. Peck Dartmouth College v. Woodward Michel-Guillaume Jean de Crevecoeur Parson Weems William Hill Brown Susanna Haswell Rowson Noah Webster James Monroe “Virginia Dynasty” John C. Calhoun American System Frederick Jackson Turner Land Acts of 1796 and 1801 Louisiana Purchase Robert Livingston Hamilton and Burr Duel Lewis and Clark Chief Black Cat Sacagawea Zebulon Pike Five Civilized Tribes Society for Propagating the Gospel John Ross Sequoyah Tecumseh William Henry Harrison The Prophet Treaty of Fort Wayne Tippecanoe Andrew Jackson Battle at Horseshoe Bend Junipero Serra Pickney’s Treaty Bernardo Gutierrez Non-Importation Act Chesapeake Force Act Ograbme Non-Intercourse Act Macon's Bill No. 2 War Hawks Henry Clay Oliver Hazard Perry Fort McHenry Hartford Convention Treatt of Ghent Battle of New Orleans John Quincy Adams Adams-Onis Treaty Monroe Doctrine Era of Good Feelings Top Chapter 9: An Emerging Capitalist Nation, 1790-1820 Deborah Sampson Gannett Judith Sargent Murray Benjamin Rush Mother’s Monthly Journal Second Great Awakening William Ellery Channing Charles Grandison Finney Robert Oliver Stephen Girard Empress of China Robert Gray Jefferson Embargo of 1807 Corn Laws Albert Gallatin National Road Robert Fulton Robert Livingston Clermont Nicholas Roosevelt New Orleans Gibbons v. Ogden Schuylkill Canal Erie Canal “Clinton’s Folly” Report on Manufactures Oliver Evans Simeon North John Hall Eli Whitney American System of Manufactures "Putting-out" System Lynn, Massachusetts Samuel Slater "Scientific Farming" Robert Morris “Cotton Gin” Missouri Compromise Panic of 1819 Top Chapter 10: Transforming the Political Culture, 1820-1840 Democracy "Era of Good Feelings" John C. Calhoun De Witt Clinton Martin Van Buren Bucktails "Old Hickory" Henry Clay John Quincy Adams William Crawford "Corrupt Bargain" Tariff of Abominations Democratic Party "Kitchen cabinet" "Spoils system" George M. Troup Indian Removal Act Cherokee Nation v. Georgia Worcester v. Georgia Chief Black Hawk Massacre at Bad Axe John Ross Winfield Scott Indian Territory "Trail of Tears" The South Carolina Exposition and Protest Robert Hayne Daniel Webster Ordinance of Nullification Force Act Nicholas Biddle Roger B. Taney Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge Briscoe v. Bank of Kentucky Whig Party Thomas Skidmore "Workies" Locofocos "Panic of 1837" Specie Circular William Henry Harrison "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too" Preemption Act Top Chapter 11: Industry and Reform in the North, 1820-1850 Anson Phelps Tammany Hall Samuel F. B. Morse John Jacob Astor “Rags to Riches” "Middling Sort" Elias Howe Isaac Singer African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church Cincinnati Riots Philadelphia Riots Scientific Farming “By-employments” Tenant and Itinerant Laborers Black Ball Line “Square-riggers” Rainbow American Steamship Navigation Company Gail Borden John Deere Cyrus Hall McCormick Baltimore and Ohio Railroad “Putting-out System” "Free Labor" “Closed Shop” Samuel Slater "Waltham System" Francis Cabot Lowell "Lowell System" "Lowell Girls" Seth Luther The Lowell Offerings New England Female Labor Reform Association Alexis de Tocqueville Charles Grandison Finney American Society for the Promotion of Temperance Lyman Beecher American Temperance Union Martha Washington Societies Helen Jewett Female Moral Reform Society Dorothea Dix Catherine Beecher Horace Mann Oberlin College Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott Seneca Falls Susan B. Anthony Joseph Smith Nauvoo, Illinois Brigham Young William Miller Shakers Mother Ann Lee Oneida, New York John Humphrey Noyes New Harmony, Indiana Robert Owen “Phalanxes” Charles Fourier American Philosophical Society (APS) James Fenimore Cooper Washington Irving Hudson River School Thomas Cole Karl Bodmer George Catlin Transcendentalists Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau Margaret Fuller Walt Whitman Nathaniel Hawthorne Herman Melville Top Chapter 12: Living with Slavery, North and South, 1820-1850 American Colonization Society Liberia:country-region> Thomas Jefferson Frances Wright Nashoba, Tennessee David Walker Frederick Douglass Theodore Dwight Weld Lyman Beecher Oberlin College William Lloyd Garrison Arthur Tappan American Anti-Slavery Society Lucretia Mott Maria W. Chapman Angelina and Sarah Grimke Sojourner Truth Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin Alexis de Tocqueville King Cotton William Gregg "Black Belt" “Gang and Task Systems of Labor” Underground Railroad Harriet Jacobs Thomas Garrett Harriet Tubman Gabriel Prosser Denmark Vesey Gullah Jack Nat Turner Black Codes John Cook Benjamin Bannaker Robert Sheridan Absalom Jones Richard Allen Frances Watkins Yeomen Farmers “Necessary Evil” Elijah P. Lovejoy "Snow Storm" “Peculiar Institution” James Henry Hammond William Harper Thomas R. Dew George Fitzhugh John C. Calhoun James G. Birney Hinton Helper Top Chapter 13: The Westward Experiment, 1820-1850 Lansford Hastings Donner-Reed Party John O’Sullivan Manifest Destiny Thomas Hart Benton John Jacob Astor Jedediah Smith Land Act of 1820 Preemption Acts of 1830 and 1841 Graduation Act of 1854 Zebulon Pike John C. Fremont "Clipper Ships of the West" Indian Territory Presidios Tejanos Vaqueros Moses Austin Santa Anna Stephen Austin Alamo Davy Crockett Jim Bowie Sam Houston San Jacinto River Eliza Farnham “Oregon Societies” Horace Greeley "Oregon Conventions" Johan Augustus Sutter John Tyler Henry Clay James K. Polk "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight" James G. Birney Bear Flag Republic Zachary Taylor John Slidell Stephen Kearny Buena Vista Winfield Scott Nicholas P. Trist Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Stephen A. Douglas Henry David Thoreau Ralph Waldo Emerson Wilmot's Proviso Free-Soil Movement Lewis Cass Popular Sovereignty Zachary Taylor Free Soil Party Martin Van Buren James Marshall "Forty-Niners" "Chinatowns" Levi Strauss Comstock Lode Top Chapter 14: The Sectional Challenge, 1848-1860 Zachary Taylor John C. Calhoun Henry Clay Daniel Webster William Henry Seward Salmon P. Chase Millard Fillmore Stephen A. Douglas Compromise of 1850 "Fire-Eaters" Fugitive Slave Act Prigg v. Pennsylvania Underground Railroad Solomon Northrup Thomas Wentworth Higginson Anthony Burns Winfield Scott Franklin Pierce Matthew Perry Townshend Harris "Young America" Movement Filibustero Narcisco Lopez Black Warrior William L. Marcy Ostend Manifesto William Walker Gadsden Purchase Kansas-Nebraska Act “Know-Nothings” David Atchison Amos Lawrence Eli Thayer Pottawatomie Creek John Brown "Bleeding Kansas" Preston Brooks Charles Sumner Republican Party James Buchanan John C. Fremont Millard Fillmore Dred Scott v. Sandford Lecompton Constitution Abraham Lincoln Mary Todd Lincoln-Douglas Debates Freeport Doctrine William H. Seward John C. Breckinridge John Bell Jefferson Davis Alexander Stephens Top Chapter 15: Transforming the Experiment: The Civil War, 1861-1865 Crittenden Compromise Fort Sumter Robert Anderson Border States Writ of Habeas Corpus Jayhawkers v. Bushwhackers John Ross Anaconda Plan Alexander Stephens First Battle of Bull Run Joseph E. Johnston Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson Peninsular Campaign George McClellan Robert E. Lee Fort Henry Fort Donelson Ulysses S. Grant Shiloh Albert Sidney Johnston Don Carlos Buell David G. Farragut Gideon Welles Stephen R. Mallory C.S.S. Hunley C.S.S. Virginia v. U.S.S. Monitor C.S.S. Alabama Trent Affair Second Battle of Bull Run Antietam Braxton Bragg Edmund Kirby-Smith John Pope Joseph E. Brown Thaddeus Stevens Salmon P. Chase Internal Revenue Act Legal Tender Act Greenbacks Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis Clement L. Vallandigham Ex parte Milligan Charles E. King Andersonville Prison Camp Belle Isle Prison Camp Homestead Act Morrill Land Grant Act U.S. Sanitary Commission Dorothea Dix Emancipation Proclamation Militia Act Fredericksburg Ambrose Burnside Chancellorsville Joseph Hooker George G. Meade Gettysburg George E. Pickett Vicksburg John C. Pemberton Chattanooga William Rosecrans William T. Sherman Spotsylvania Courthouse Winfield Scott Hancock Andrew Johnson John C. Fremont John Bell Hood Appomattox Courthouse Top Chapter 16: Reconstruction and the New South, 1864-1900 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction Radical Republicans Charles Sumner Thaddeus Stevens Wade-Davis Bill Benjamin Wade Henry Winter Davis Freedmen's Bureau Andrew Johnson Thirteenth Amendment "Black Codes" Joint Committee of Fifteen on Reconstruction Civil Rights Act of 1866 Fourteenth Amendment "Swing Around the Circle" “Waving the Bloody Shirt” First Reconstruction Act "Sherman's Land" Southern Homestead Act Fifteenth Amendment Equal Rights Association Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) Lucy Stone American Woman Suffrage Association (ASWA) Tenure of Office Act Edwin M. Stanton Salmon P. Chase Benjamin Butler Henry Stanbery Hiram Revels Carpetbaggers Scalawags Sharecropping Ulysses S. Grant Horatio Seymour Jay Gould Credit Mobilier Whiskey Ring Orville E. Babcock Horace Greeley "Panic of 1873" Specie Resumption Act Redeemers Ku Klux Klan Enforcement Acts Slaughterhouse Cases U.S.:country-region> v. Cruikshank U.S.:country-region> v. Harris Colfax Massacre Rutherford B. Hayes Samuel J. Tilden Joint Electoral Commission Compromise of 1877 "New South" Henry Grady Henry Watterson William H. Harrison, Jr. Joel Chandler Harris Mark Twain Ruth McEnery Stuart Kate Chopin Ellen Glasgow "Jim Crow Laws" Plessy v. Ferguson Booker T. Washington "Atlanta Compromise" Top Chapter 17: Conquering the West, 1862-1900 Homestead Act Timber Culture Act Desert Land Act Timber and Stone Act United States v. Reynolds Promontory Point, Utah Grenville Dodge Treaty of Fort Laramie Chief Black Kettle John M. Chivington Nelson A. Miles William J. Fetterman William T. Sherman Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek Second Treaty of Fort Laramie George Custer Sitting Bull Little Bighorn "Custer's Avengers" Helen Hunt Jackson Women's National Indian Association (WNIA) Henry Dawes Dawes General Allotment Act “Last Arrow” Pageants Comstock Lode Coeur d’Alene Strike Joseph G. McCoy Joseph F. Glidden “Dry Farming” "Sooners" Henry George John Muir Forest Reserve Act John Robinson Doc Holliday Bat Masterson Wyatt Earp Eliza Farnham Chinatown Anti-Coolie Clubs Californios Foreign Miners Tax Hispanos Las Gorras Blancas "The Myth of the Garden" Henry Nash Smith Edward L. Wheeler The Winning of the West Edward Zane Carroll Judson Buffalo Bill Cody Frederick Jackson Turner William H. D. Koerner The Great Train Robbery Top Chapter 18: The Industrial Experiment, 1865-1900 Alexander Graham Bell Bessemer Process Thomas Edison William Stanley Wilbur and Orville Wright Menlo Park George Westinghouse Nikola Tesla Charles Brush Pullman Sleeping Car Macy's Marshall Field’s Gimbel’s Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company (A&P) Frank Winfield Woolworth Aaron Montgomery Ward Vertical Integration Gustavus Swift Horizontal Integration Andrew Carnegie John D. Rockefeller Trust James Buchanan Duke Henry O. Havemeyer United States Steel Corporation J. Pierpont Morgan Adam Smith "Invisible Hand" Charles Darwin Social Darwinism William Graham Sumner "Gospel of Wealth" Horatio Alger Looking Backward Henry George Interstate Commerce Act Sherman Antitrust Act Frederick W. Taylor Poverty International Workingmen's Association National Labor Union (NLU) William Sylvis Colored National Labor Union (CNLU) Great Railway Strike Knights of Labor Terence V. Powderly Haymarket Square Riot Peter Altgeld American Federation of Labor Samuel Gompers Top Chapter 19: The New Urban Nation, 1865-1910 "New Immigrants" Mutual Aid Societies Saloons Omnibus Mass Transit Subways Skyscrapers Suburbs Empire State Building Lewis Mumford Barbary Coast Hyde Park Great Chicago Fire Baxter Street Dudes William M. Tweed Tammany Hall Alexander R. Shepherd Vaudeville John L. Sullivan James J. Corbett Knickerbocker Club William H. Cammeyer St. Louis Browns Incident Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Jewish Daily Forward William Dean Howells Mark Twain Frank Norris Theodore Dreiser Robert Henri George Luks George Bellows "Cult of Domesticity" Nannie Helen Burroughs Josephine Ruffin "Gibson Girl" Josiah Strong City Beautiful Movement Frank Law Olmsted Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle John Vincent Salvation Army William Booth Dwight L. Moody Comstock Law Anthony Comstock Women's Christian Temperance Union Anti-Saloon League American Protection Association (APA) Immigration Restriction League Morrill Act John D. Rockefeller Top Chapter 20: State and Society, 1877-1900 The Gilded Age "Half-Breeds" Roscoe Conkling "Stalwarts" Prohibition Party Anti-Monopoly Party Greenback Party Populist Party Millionaire's Club "Greenbacks" "Billion Dollar Congress" Rutherford B. Hayes Alonzo Cornell James A. Garfield Chester A. Arthur Winfield Scott Hancock Charles Guiteau Pendleton Civil Service Act Star Route Frauds James G. Blaine Mugwumps Grover Cleveland "Black Wednesday" Baby Ruth Benjamin Harrison John Wanamaker Sherman Silver Purchase Act McKinley Tariff Sherman Antitrust Act Dependent Pension Act “Billion Dollar Congress” Oliver Hudson Kelley Grangers Munn v. Illinois Charles W. Macune Mary Elizabeth Lease Tom Watson People's Party James Baird Weaver "Industrial Black Friday" Coxey's Army Jacob Coxey Andrew Carnegie Henry Clay Frick Homestead Act Pullman Strike Eugene Debs Richard Olney John Peter Altgeld Wilson-Gorman Act Pollock v. Farmers Loan and Trust William Jennings Bryan "Cross of Gold" Speech Arthur Sewall John M. Palmer Populist's Fusionist Strategy William McKinley Garret A. Hobart Mark Hanna Dingley Tariff Gold Standard Act Top Chapter 21: The Progressive Era, 1889-1916 William Graham Sumner Social Darwinism William James Lester Frank Ward Thorstein Veblen Charles A. Beard John Dewey Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. Louis D. Brandeis Charles Sheldon Walter Rauschenbusch Salvation Army Social Justice Movement Woman’s Christian Temperance Union Mary Church Terrell Florence Kelley Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire Muckrakers Ida Tarbell Lincoln Steffens Ray Standard Baker David Graham Phillip National Education Association Upton Sinclair Progressivism Walter Weyl American Medical Association Commission and City Manager Governments Hazen Pingree Samuel Jones Tom Johnson Robert M. La Follette "Wisconsin Idea" Charles Evans Hughes Woodrow Wilson Hiram Johnson Seventeenth Amendment National American Woman Suffrage Association Carrie Chapman Catt Nineteenth Amendment Anti-Saloon League Eighteenth Amendment Mann Act Gentlemen's Agreement of 1908 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Guinn v. United States:country-region> Buchanan v. Worley U.S.:country-region> v. Shipps Julius Rosenwald Ida Wells-Barnett Women’s Loyal Union W.E.B. Du Bois "Talented Tenth" Eugene Debs Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) Eugene V. Debs William Haywood Emma Goldman Charlotte Perkins Gilman Margaret Sanger Leon Czolgosz Theodore Roosevelt "Trustbuster" Expedition Act Department of Commerce and Labor Pure Food and Drug Act Alton B. Parker Upton Sinclair John Muir Gifford Pinchot William Howard Taft Nelson W. Aldrich Joseph Cannon Richard Ballinger New Nationalism Woodrow Wilson New Freedom Louis D. Brandeis Federal Reserve Act Top Chapter 22: The Experiment in American Empire, 1865-1917 William H. Seward "Seward's Folly" Hamilton Fish Virginius Alabama Orville Platt Albert Beveridge Josiah Strong Frederick Jackson Turner Henry Cabot Lodge Alfred Thayer Mahan Benjamin F. Tracy Naval Act of 1890 James G. Blaine First International American Conference U.S.S. Baltimore Richard L. Olney "Bayonet Constitution" John L. Stevens Queen Liliuokalani James H. Blount Thomas F. Bayard Walter Q. Gresham Valeriano Weyler Reconcentrados William Randolph Hearst Joseph Pulitzer "Yellow Journalism" William McKinley de Lome Letter Maine Theodore Roosevelt Redfield Proctor Teller Amendment George Dewey "Rough Riders" Anti-Imperialist League George Hoar Charles Sumner Emilio Aguinaldo William Howard Taft Leonard Wood Platt Amendment Foraker Act Insular Cases John Hay "Open Door" Notes "Boxers" Clayton-Bulwar Treaty Hay-Pauncefote Treaty Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine “Great White Fleet” Root-Takahira Agreement Philander C. Knox Lodge Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Woodrow Wilson "Cooling-Off" Treaties Lansing-Ishii Agreement Victoriano Huerta Venustiano Carranza Francisco "Pancho" Villa John J. Pershing Top Chapter 23: Making the World Safe for Democracy: America and World War I, 1914-1920 Franz Ferdinand Central Powers Triple Entente Woodrow Wilson William Jennings Bryan U-boat Lusitania Gore-McLemore Resolutions Robert Lansing Arabic and Sussex Pledges Naval Defense Act Women's Peace Party Jane Addams Carrie Chapman Charles Evans Hughes "Peace Without Victory" Zimmermann Telegram Laconia George Norris Jeannette Rankin Selective Service Charles Young IQ Tests Committee on Training Camp Activities (CTCA) Lever Food and Fuel Control Act Food Administration Fuel Administration Railroad Administration Liberty Bonds War Industries Board (WIB) Felix Frankfurter National War Labor Board (WLB) United States Housing Corporation (USHC) Committee on Public Information Espionage Act Trading with the Enemy Act Alien Act Sedition Act Albert Burleson Thomas W. Gregory Max Eastman Victor Berger Eugene Debs American Protective League (APL) Robert Prager Roger Baldwin Schenck v. U.S. Abrams v. U.S. Volstead Act Carrie Chapman Catt Alice Paul John J. Pershing American Expeditionary Force (AEF) Belleau Wood Argonne Forest “Big Four” Fourteen Points Versailles Treaty Henry Cabot Lodge Robert LaFollette Hiram Johnson “Shoeless Joe” Jackson Calvin Coolidge A. Mitchell Palmer J. Edgar Hoover James M. Cox Franklin D. Roosevelt Warren G. Harding Top Chapter 24: The New Era, 1920-1928 Henry Ford Assembly Line Suburbs Ivy Lee The Man Nobody Knows Rudolph Valentino KDKA Jack Dempsey Lou Gehrig Babe Ruth Negro Baseball League “Smokey Joe” Williams “Bullet” Joe Rogan "Red" Grange Helen Wills Johnny Weissmuller Robert and Helen Lynd William Howard Taft William Green Flappers Clara Bow Margaret Sanger Sigmund Freud Sheppard-Towner Act National Woman's Party (NWP) Lost Generation Ernest Hemingway F. Scott Fitzgerald Henry Louis Mencken Sinclair Lewis E. E. Cummings John Dos Passos Franz Boas Ruth Benedict Marcus Garvey United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) Philip Randolph Harlem Renaissance Langston Hughes Louis Armstrong Duke Ellington Alaine Locke Eugenics Johnson-Reed Immigration Act Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti William J. Simmons The Birth of the Nation David Stephenson John Scopes Aimee Semple McPherson Billy Sunday Al Capone George “Bugsy” Moran "Speakeasies" Warren G. Harding "Ohio Gang" Charles R. Forbes Jesse Smith Teapot Dome Scandal Calvin Coolidge Harry Daugherty William Humphrey Andrew Mellon Herbert Hoover John Davis Charles W. Bryan Charles Dawes Robert M. La Follette Charles Evans Hughes Kellogg-Briand Pact Dawes Plan Al Smith Joseph G. Robinson Top Chapter 25: "Fear Itself": Crash, Depression, and the New Deal, 1929-1938 Herbert Hoover “Black Thursday” Scottsboro Boys Dust Bowl Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) Federal Home Loan Bank Act Glass-Steagall Act Hoovervilles Bonus Army Battle of Anacostia Flats Franklin Delano Roosevelt Eleanor Roosevelt John Nance Garner First Hundred Days "Bank Holiday" Emergency Banking Act "Fireside Chats" Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Beer-Wine Revenue Act Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Public Works Administration (PWA) Harold Ickes Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Harry Hopkins Civil Works Administration (CWA) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) Henry A. Wallace Butler v. U.S. National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) National Recovery Administration (NRA) Schechter v. U.S. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Rural Electrification Administration (REA) Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) Father Charles Coughlin Dr. Francis E. Townsend Huey Long Upton Sinclair Floyd Olson National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) Social Security Act Emergency Relief Appropriation Act (ERA) Work Progress Administration (WPA) Alfred M. Landon John Maynard Keynes Richard Wright John Steinbeck Margaret Mitchell Jacob Lawrence Edward Hopper Fourteenth Street School of New York Marion Post Wolcott Dorothea Lange Joe Louis Jesse Owens Satchel Paige Josh Gibson W. C. Fields Will Rogers Marx Brothers Walt Disney Frank Capra The Shadow Mae West Hindenburg John L. Lewis “Big Bill” Hutcheson "Sit-Down" Strikes "Black Cabinet" William Hastie Marian Anderson John Collier Indian Reorganization Act “Indian New Deal” Frances Perkins Grace Abbott Molly Dewson Top Chapter 26: War and Society, 1933-1945 Jeanette Rankin Panay Incident Benito Mussolini Adolph Hitler Fuhrer Nazis Francisco Franco Abraham Lincoln Battalion Cordell Hull "Good Neighbor" Policy Road to War Gerald P. Nye Committee Neville Chamberlain Winston Churchill Blitzkrieg Vichy Government Wendell Willkie "Lend-Lease" America:country-region> First Committee Charles Lindbergh Atlantic Charter Reuben James Hideki Tojo Pearl Harbor War Production Board (WPB) Office of Price Administration and Civilian Supply (OPA) Smith-Connolly Bill Revenue Acts of 1942 and 1943 GIs Operation TORCH Dwight D. Eisenhower Bernard Montgomery Erwin Rommel Casablanca Conference George Patton Tehran Conference Operation Overlord Battle of the Bulge Omar Bradley Kristallnacht Holocaust St. Louis Breckinridge Long Thomas Dewey Harry S. Truman Yalta Conference Eva Braun Office of War Information (OWI) Elmer Davis Edward R. Murrow Howard K. Smith Kae Smith Irving Berlin Captain Midnight Executive Order 9066 Korematsu v. U.S. Rosie the Riveter W.E.B. Du Bois "Double V" Campaign A. Philip Randolph Executive Order 8802 Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) Braceros Navajo Codebreakers Battle of the Coral Sea Battle of Midway Chester Nimitz Battle of Leyte Gulf Kamikazes Battle of IwoJima J. Robert Oppenheimer "Manhattan Project" Enola Gay Top Chapter 27: The Cold War, 1945-1952 Josef Stalin Mission to Moscow “Sphere of Influence” Harry Truman Vyacheslav Molotov Potsdam Conference James Byrnes Atomic Energy Commission Winston Churchill "Iron Curtain" Arthur Vandenberg George C. Marshall Dean Acheson George Kennan Containment Truman Doctrine Communist Information Bureau (Cominform) Jan Masaryk National Security Act Central Intelligence Agency "Trizonia" Berlin Airlift Brussels Treaty North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Dwight D. Eisenhower Rio Treaty Organization of American States (OAS) Warsaw Pact Walter Lippmann Chester Bowles John L. Lewis Taft-Hartley Act Henry Wallace Thomas Dewey President's Committee on Civil Rights Executive Order 9981 “Dixiecrats” J. Strom Thurmond "Fair Deal" Jiang Jieshi Mao Zedong Henry Luce Douglas MacArthur National Security Council Memorandum 68 (NSC-68) Kim Il Sung Syngman Rhee Amerasia Executive Order 9835 Dennis v U.S. Whittaker Chambers Alger Hiss Richard Nixon “Pumpkin Papers” Klaus Fuchs Julius and Ethel Rosenberg House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) "Hollywood Ten" Internal Security Act of 1950 Joseph McCarthy Millard Tydings Top Chapter 28: The Consumer Society, 1945-1960 "Baby Boom" GI Bill Jonas Salk William Levitt Mark I Computer AFL-CIO George Meany Walter Reuther Interstate Highway Act Fulton J. Sheen Norman Vincent Peale Billy Graham Will Herberg J. D. Salinger James Dean Dick Clark Alan Freed Elvis Aaron Presley Antoine "Fats" Domino Chuck Berry The Lonely Crowd C. Wright Mills Why Johnny Can't Read Dwight D. Eisenhower Robert Taft Adlai Stevenson John Sparkman Richard Nixon Checkers "Dynamic Conservatism" Submerged Lands Act Joseph McCarthy Joseph Welch John Foster Dulles "Brinkmanship" Allen Dulles Nikita Khrushchev "Open Skies" Proposal Gamal Abdel Nasser Eisenhower Doctrine Ho Chi Minh Dien Bien Phu Geneva Accords Ngo Dinh Diem Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) Jacob Arbenz Guzman The End of Ideology Alfred Kinsey Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas Southern Manifesto Little Rock Central High School Emmett Till Rosa Parks Martin Luther King, Jr. American GI Forum Hector Perez Sputnik Gary Powers Fulgencio Batistia Fidel Castro The Affluent Society National Defense Education Act (NDEA) Henry Cabot Lodge Richard Nixon John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson Top Chapter 29: Consensus and Confrontation, 1960-1968 John F. Kennedy "New Frontier" “The Best and the Brightest” McGeorge Bundy Dean Rusk "Flexible Response" Alliance for Progress Bay of Pigs Robert Kennedy Ngo Dinh Diem Ho Chi Minh Vietcong Lyman L. Lemnitzer George Ball Lee Harvey Oswald Warren Commission Lyndon Baines Johnson "War on Poverty" Michael Harrington The Other America:country-region> Walter Heller Economic Opportunity Act VISTA Job Corps R. Sargent Shriver Barry Goldwater "Great Society" Medicare Medicaid Elementary and Secondary Education Act Wild and Scenic Rivers Act Lady Bird Johnson Earl Warren Engel v. Vitale Griswold v. Connecticut Reynolds v. Sims Gideon v. Wainwright Escobedo v. Illinois Miranda v. Arizona Sit-Ins Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) "Freedom Riders" Martin Luther King, Jr. James Meredith "Letter from Birmingham Jail" George Wallace Civil Rights Act of 1964 Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP) Fannie Lou Hamer Voting Rights Act of 1965 Tonkin Gulf Resolution C. Turner Joy Maddox Operation Rolling Thunder Robert McNamara William Westmoreland My Lai Lt. William L. Calley John Kerry Jack Kerouac Beat Allen Ginsberg Counterculture Movement Timothy Leary Bob Dylan The Beatles “New Left” The Port Huron Statement William F. Buckley J. W. Fulbright Watts Riots “Long Hot Summers” “Black Power” Stokely Carmichael Malcolm X Tet Offensive Eugene McCarthy Hubert Humphrey Edmund Muskie Richard Nixon Top Chapter 30: The Politics of Polarization, 1969-1979 Henry Kissinger William Rogers Realpolitik Vietnamization The “Madman Theory" Khmer Rouge Kent State University The Pentagon Papers Daniel Ellsberg Operation Linebacker Le Duc Tho Nguyen Van Thieu Paris Peace Accords "Peace with Honor" Detente Leonid Brezhnev Zhou Enlai Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) Shah of Iran:country-region> Ferdinand Marcos Salvador Allende Augusto Pinochet Six-Day War Yom Kippur War PLO Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) "Shuttle Diplomacy" "Silent Majority" Richard Nixon "New Federalism" Apollo 11 Neil Armstrong Buzz Aldrin John Lindsay Chicago Eight Warren Burger Clement Haynsworth G. Harrold Carswell Spiro Agnew George McGovern Watergate James McCord Committee to Re-elect the President (CREEP) John Sirica Sam Ervin “The Plumbers” John Dean Archibald Cox Elliot Richardson William Ruckelshaus Robert H. Bork Leon Jaworski Gerald R. Ford H. R. Haldemann Rosemary Woods Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education Bakke v. University of California Milliken v. Bradley Cesar Chavez American Indian Movement (AIM) Chicano Stonewall Inn Riot The Feminine Mystique National Organization for Women (NOW) Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) Title IX of the Higher Education Act Phyllis Schlafly "Feminization of Poverty" "Me Decade" Disco Music War Powers Act Federal Election Campaign Act Stagflation Rachel Carson Love Canal Three Mile Island Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Jimmy Carter Paul Volcker Camp David Accords Ayatollah Khomeini Top Chapter 31: The Reagan Experiment, 1979-1988 Donald Trump Jerry Falwell Pat Robertson Moral Majority California Proposition 13 Arthur Laffer Neoconservatives Jimmy Carter Edward Kennedy Ronald Reagan George Bush John Anderson White House Task Force Report on the Family Norman Lear People for the American Way Faye Wattleton The Silent Scream Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) ACT UP And the Band Played On The Normal Heart C. Everett Koop Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) "English-Only" Movement Allan Bloom Nancy Reagan James G. Watt Charles Keating Sandra Day O'Connor William Rehnquist Louis Powell Robert Bork Wards Cove v. Atonio Walter Mondale Geraldine Ferraro George Shultz Caspar Weinberger Richard Allen Jeanne Kirkpatrick Apartheid “Zero Option” Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) “Evil Empire” Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) Mikhail Gorbachev Perestroika Glasnost Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty Jose Napoleon Duarte Anastasio Somoza Contras Boland Amendment Muammar Qaddafi Robert McFarlane William Casey Oliver North Lawrence E. Walsh John Poindexter Ivan Boesky Michael Milken Yuppies Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) Top Chapter 32: America After the Cold War, 1988-2000 George Bush Bob Dole Dan Quayle Michael Dukakis Jesse Jackson Lloyd Bentsen LechWalesa Vaclav Havel "Velvet Revolution" Berlin Wall Boris Yeltsin START II F. W. De Klerk Nelson Mandela Augusto Pinochet Patricio Aylwin Jean-Bertrand Aristide Daniel Ortega Violeta Barrios de Chamorro Manuel Noriega Operation Just Cause Yasir Arafat Yitzhak Rabin James A. Baker III Tiananmen Square Saddam Hussein H. Norman Schwarzkopf Americans with Disabilities Act Exxon Valdez "Earth Summit" Webster v. Reproductive Health Services Clarence Thomas Anita Hill Rodney King Bill Clinton Al Gore H. Ross Perot Hillary Rodham Clinton "Whitewater" Newt Gingrich Robert Dole Jack Kemp "Contract with America:country-region>" Operation Restore Hope Monica Lewinsky Robert Livingston Kenneth Starr Joseph Lieberman George W. Bush Richard Cheney Ralph Nader ENIAC Steve Wozniak Internet North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Slobodan Milosevic Osama bin Laden al Qaeda U.S.S. Cole Timothy McVeigh Columbine High School Ice Cube Queen Latifah Will Smith O. J. Simpson Top Chapter 33: Epilogue: The Challenges of the New Century George W. Bush Colin Powell Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) Saddam Hussein World Trade Center Condoleezza Rice Osama bin Laden Taliban Ground Zero “Shock and Awe” Operation Iraqi Freedom David Key Kyoto Protocol Strategic Defense Initiative Ten-Year Tax-Cut Package Department of Homeland Security “Sleeper Agents” John Ashcroft “Knowledge Work” Enron Top





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