communication The process of transmitting information from one person to another

effective communication The process of sending a message in such a way that the message received is as close in meaning as possible to the message intended

oral communication Face-to-face conversation, group discussions, telephone calls, and other circumstances in which the spoken word is used to transmit meaning

written communication Memos, letters, reports, notes, and other circumstances in which the written word is used to transmit meaning

communication network The pattern through which the members of a group communicate

vertical communication Communication that flows up and down the organization usually along formal reporting lines; it takes place between managers and their subordinates and may involve several different levels of the organization

horizontal communication Communication that flows laterally within the organization; it involves colleagues and peers at the same level of the organization and may involve individuals from several different organizational units

grapevine An informal communication network among people in an organization

management by wandering around An approach to communication that involves the manager literally wandering around and having spontaneous conversations with others

nonverbal communication Any communication exchange that does not use words or that uses words to carry more meaning than the strict definition of the words themselves